Gas and steam engine.



u' l1;, i l

' I ,PATENTBD MAY 22. 190e.' 11.13'.N-IGO13B-Ivins.` j GAS AND STEAMENGINE.

MPLIOATIONITILED 0oT.27, 19o4 UNITED sT-ATEs HENRY B. NICODEMUS, OFALLEGHENY, PENNSYLVANIA.

GAS AND STEAM ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

bratenteo. May 22, 1906.

Application filed October 27, 1904. Serial No. 230,237.

gines, and has for its object the provision of novel means whereby theseengines may be combined so that either one may be operated independentlyof the other.

A further object of this invention is the provision of novel meanswhereby it will not be necessary to detach or separate any part 'of theengine when it is desired to use either one, and to this end I haveconstructed the engine in as .compact a form as possible to maintain asafe, strong, and durable construction. i

lVith the above and other objects in view the invention iinally consistsin the novel construction, combination, and arrangement 4of parts tobehereinafter more fully described, and specifically pointed out in theclaims.

In, describing the invention in detail reference is had to theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this ap lication, and whereinlike numerals of reilerence 'indicate llike parts throughout the severalviews, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved as-engine, aportion of the same being roken away. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectionalview of the same. Fig. 8 is an end view ofthe gas-engine cylinder. Fig.l is an enlarged bottom plan view ofthe casing containing the gas-inletand governor. Fig. 5

` is a detail view of a cam employed in connection with the steam-valve.Fig. 6 is aside elevation of the piston employedin my .imn provedengine. Fig. 7 is a 'detail sectional view of a portion of thegas-engine cylinder'. In the accompanying drawings the engine, asillustrated, is in position to be operated as a gaaengine, and as suchit will be :lirst described.

The gas-engine cylinder 1 is formed with a Water-jacket 2, and the oneend of the cyhnder is providedvwith a head 3, which is* secured uponsaid cylinder by bolts 4. Near the opposite end of the cylinder isformed an exhaust-port 5, this port communicating with the lnterior ofthe cylinder by a plurality of smaller ports 6, which are incommunication with1 the exhaust-port, as clearly shown in Fig. 7 ofthedrawin s. Diametrically opposite these ports are Iormed a plurality ofinlet-ports \7, `which communicate with the main inlet-port 8.

To the end of the :as-.engine cylinder 1- is ysecured bybolts an Inuts 9the steamengine cylinder 1D, this cylinder being provided with a head11, that-carries a suitable stufling-box 12. Formed integral with thesteamengine cylinder 10 is the steam-chest, from the chamber 14of whichlead ports 15 and 16, communicating with the steam-engine cylinder.

The referenoe-nu1neral 17V designates the' steam-inlet pipe, which isprovided with a -valve 18.

The referencanumeral 19 designates the steam-exhaust, and this exhaustis controlled by the slidevalve 20, which is operated by ,the link 21",connected. to the crank-shaft oi the engine. The position of thisslide-valve is governed by a cam 21, rotatably mounted within saidslide-valve` and controlled by a lever 22, carried by the rod 23, thatconnects said slide-valve with the link 21.

The reference-numeral 24 designates the piston-rod, to which is securedthe piston 25, this piston being of a diameter equivalent to thediameter of the gas-engine cylinder 1, and said piston is provided witha head 26, that is of a diameter equivalent to the steam-cylinder 10.The forward end of the piston is provided with the packing-rings 27 andthe deilectors 28 28.

To the side of the gas-engine cylinder is secured a casing 29, and inthis casing is mounted a governor and a gas-inlet valve.

The reference-numeral 30 designates the gas-inlet pipe, which isprovided with a valve 3l.

The casing 29 is provided with an annular gas-inlet port 32, this portbeing controlled by a springpressed valve 33', that is connected to apivoted lever 34.

The reference numeral 35 designates a valve which controls the gas-inletto the annular port 32, and this valve is connected by a rod 36 to thepivoted lever 34.

It will be observed from Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings that thesteamengine cylinder opened, admitting gas to the chamber in casing 29.The fly-wheel (not shown) of the engine is turned byhand, whereby tomove the piston 25 and head 26 von the outstroke to- Ward the head 3 ofthe gas-cylinder. This steam-cylinder 10.

movement creates a suction in the steam-engine cylinder back of thepiston-head 26 suliicient to unseat valve 33 and allow the gas to passfrom chamber in casing 29 through port 32 into chamber 8, throughpassage-Way 37, through passage 1 5 into the steam-chest, and fromthence through passage 16 into the On the return or in stroke of thepiston the gas is forced out of the steam-cylinder 10 throu h ports 16,15, and 37 and passes into t e gas-cylinder through port 7 and iscompressed in said gascylinder on the succeeding outstroke of the piston25' and head 26, being ignited when compressed inthe usual manner toagain force the piston on its. instroke, and the engine is started, theexploding gases escaping through .the exhaust 5. lt is to be understoodthat in this operation of the engine the exhaust 19 is closed in anydesirable manner, as by a valve 18, which maybe located therein at anysuitable point. Should the explosions become too frequent, due to anexcess amount of gas being admitted to the gas-engine cylinder, thevalve 33 will, due to the frequent explosions, be moved away .from itsseat farther thanrequired, and through connection ofthe stem of thisvalve with the lever 34 the valve 35 will be moved so as to partiallyclose the lport leading from the chamber in casing 2,9 to theI port 32,and thus shutV off the flow of gas sufhciently to reduce theexplosionsand b: ig the engine to its normal running condition. The gas isthoroughly mixed with air at the-intake of the gasinto the cylinder, airbeing readily permitted to enter through the spider-like end of thecasing in which the valve 33 is mounted7 as clearly shown in Fig. 4ofthe drawings.

l/Vhen used as a steam-engine, the cam 21 is rotated, which isaccomplished by lever 22 and rod 23, so as to move valve 20 against thevalve-seat in the steam-chest, which in the `position shown in Fig. 2 ofthe drawings would cause the valve 20 to close port 15. Thegas-controlling valve 31 havingy previously been closed andsteam-controlling `valve 18 now being opened, the steam admitted to theste iii-chest would pass through port 16 into the steam-cylinder behindthe piston-head 26 and cause the piston 25 and piston-head 26 to bepropelled outwardlyv but the movement of the piston 25 and pistonhead 26is not suliicient on this outstroke t cause the head 26 to close port15,The actuation of the slide-valve 20, due to its connection, through rod23 and link 21', with the crank-shaft of the'engine, shifts said valveso as to allow steam to enter port 15 into the annular space surroundingthe piston 25, the steam employed to force ,the piston outwardlyexhausting through port 16 and exhaust 19. This operation: is continuousduring 'the time said engine is operated by steam.

The effect of the construction and` operation above described is that.the more frequent the explosions -the more rapidly the engine will run,and the more rapidly the istons reciprocate the more violent thesuction,

and consequently the farther the movement l of the valve The regulatingmeans prevents the engine from racing by partly closing valve 35 whenthe predetermined maxi-l mum rate of motion has been attained.-

Having fully described my invention, whatf I claim as new, 'anddesire-to secure by LettersPatent, is- 1. The combination with agas-engine cylinder, of a steam-engine cylinder, said steamenginecylinder being of a largerdiameter than said gas-engine cylinder, apiston 'operating `in said cylinders, and having an enlarged headoperating in said steam-cylinder, said gas-cylinder having an inlet andan exhaust port, said steam-cy inder having an inlet and an exhaustport, means for controlling the i inlet of said gas, a sliding valvecontrolling said steam inlet and exhaust ports, and means for movingsaid sliding valve into and out of operative described. y

2. ln a combined steam andexplosive engine, the combination of-'analined steamcylinder and gas-cylinder, 'the steam-cylinder being ofgreater internal diameterthanthe gas-cylinder, a piston operating insaid cylinders and having an enlarged he'ad atonelend operating in thesteam-cylinder, a ,gas-inlet and an exhaust for the gas-cylinder', avalve normally closin T the gas-inlet,k controlling l to said valve forautomat-j ically regulating the quantityof gasadinitted A through thegas-inlet, a port' establishingl means connected communication betweenthe 'gas-inlet and the steam-cylinder, and inlet-ports rand anexhaust-port for said steam-cylinder, substantially as described. l

3. In a combined steam and `explosive eiigine, the combination of anfalined steam-c vl- IOO position, substantially as y,

'los

inder and gas-cylinder, the'steam-cylinder being of greater internaldiameter than the gas-cylinder, a piston operatinginboth of said`cylinders, and having an enlarged head operating in thesteam-cylinder,inlet and ex-" haust ports for the gas-cylinder, and independent inletand exhaust ports for the steam-cylinder, the said steam-cylinder actingin conjunction Witn tne gasfcylinder when the engine is being used as anexplosive engine, substantially' as described.

- 4. In a combined steam and explosive engine, an alined steam and gascylinder, the steam-cylinder being of larger internal diarneter than thegas-cylinder, a piston operating in both of said cylinders and having anenlarged head o erating only in the steamcylinder, `both o saidcylindersreceiving gas and air when the engine is operated as an explosive-engine, and the steani-cylinder being used independently of thegas-cylinder when the engine is operated as a stea1n-engine- 5. Acombined gas and explosive engine embodying an alined steam-cylinder anda gas-cylindei;, a piston operating in both of said cylinders, andhaving a head operating only in the' steam-cylinder, both of saidcylinders receiving gas and air when the engine is operated 'as agas-engine, and the steamvcylinder alone receiving steam when the engineis operated as a steam-cylinder.

tively to the ports in the cylinder, a piston loi cated in the cylinder,a gas-cylinder having an inlet-port and an exliaust-port, a valvegoverning the inlet-port of the gas-cylinder, a plunger located in thegas-cylinder and connected to the piston in the steam-cylinder, saidcylinders being provided with a port leading from the gas-inlet to oneof the ports of the steam-cylinder.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

.HENRY B. NICODEMUS. Witnesses:

E. E. POTTER, K. H. BUTLER.

